The Influence Of Delivery Of Female Labor (TKW) On Family Social Economic Life In Way Jepara Sub-District, Lampung

The phenomenon of the large number of Indonesian workers (TKI) shows that the problem of poverty is so chronic, the limited work space for women in Indonesia makes them prefer to work abroad on the assumption that they just want to get a job and earn more than what they receive in the country. alone. The research method used in this research is quantitative research methods. The population in this study is Way Jepara Subdistrict which has sent 3045 workers abroad from 2013 to 2017. Indonesian workers, especially women, can improve family life. Female workers who have returned home can improve their skills so that they can become independent businesses in the creative household handicraft business sector and can process agricultural products so that they can support their families and no longer work as Indonesian workers (TKI).


I. INTRODUCTION
One of the causes of poverty is the large number of unemployed in a country. In terms of the factors that occurred, there were actually two things that caused the increase in unemployment. First, the new workforce cannot be fully absorbed by the business world. Second, it is about termination of employment. The strategy that is considered suitable by the government and most people in an effort to reduce the number of unemployed is the placement of Indonesian Workers (TKI) abroad. The government's efforts, in addition to reducing unemployment, the placement of Indonesian workers abroad is also a source of foreign exchange income for the country, so that it plays an important role in the country's economy.
East Lampung Regency is one of the districts in Lampung Province with 24 Districts. East Lampung Regency is the regency that is included in the top 25 districts or cities that send workers abroad. East Lampung district is included in serial number 16 out of a total of 25 districts with the number of workers sent that is 6641 workers. In 2017, East Lampung district became the largest contributor to Indonesian workers (TKI) from Lampung who worked abroad with a total of 3,810 people. The destination countries for Indonesian workers are Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, United Arab Emirates, and Brunei Darussalam. This number is followed by Central Lampung with 1,646 and West Lampung 51. West coast is the smallest sending TKI with six person. (source: BNP2TKI Lampung in 2017).

Definition of Labor
Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower also provides an understanding of labor as contained in Article 1 point 2 that labor is anyone who is able to do work to produce goods and / or services both to meet their own needs and for the community. The definition of labor in Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower has enhanced the definition of labor in Law No. 14 of 1969 concerning Basic Provisions of Employment.
According to Dumairy (1997) who are classified as workers are residents who have an age within the working age limit. The purpose of choosing the age limit is so that the definition given as far as possible describes the true reality. Each country chooses a different age limit because the labor situation in each country is also different, so that the working age limit between countries is not the same. In Indonesia, the minimum age limit for workers is 15 (fifteen) years without a maximum limit.
According to Simanjuntak (1998), the workforce includes residents who are already or currently working, who are looking for work and who are doing other activities such as going to school and taking care of the household. Job seekers, attending school, and taking care of the household even though they are not working, are physically able and can work at any time.
The definition of labor as stated by Dr. Payaman Simanjuntak has a broader definition of workers or laborers. The definition of labor here includes labor or laborers who are involved in an employment relationship and workers who have not worked. Meanwhile, the definition of worker or laborer is everyone who works and receives wages or other forms of remuneration. In other words, workers or laborers are workers who are in an employment relationship.
Mulyadi (2003) states that workers are residents of working age (aged 15-64 years) or the number of residents in a country that can produce goods and services if there is demand for their labor and if they are willing to participate in these activities. Sukirno (2005: 6) in terms of expertise and education, labor is divided into three groups, namely: a. Manpower is workers who have no education or lack of education and do not have expertise in a job.
b. Skilled workers are workers who have expertise from training or work experience.
c. Educated workers are workers who have a fairly high education and are experts in certain fields of knowledge.
Manpower is a term that is synonymous with the term personnel, which includes workers. The laborers in question are those who work for individual businesses and are provided with work benefits on a daily or piece basis in accordance with the agreement of both parties, usually the employee benefits are given daily (Siswanto, 1989: 9). In addition, the definition of labor according to BPS (Central Statistics Agency) is one of the modes for the wheels of development to move. The number and composition of the workforce always changes along with the ongoing dynamics of the population. The imbalance between the number of labor force and available job vacancies causes social problems.

Rights and Obligations of Workers in the Scope of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower
Consists of: a. Labor Rights Article 5 Every worker has equal opportunity without discrimination to get a job.
Article 6 Every worker has the right to receive equal treatment without discrimination from the employer.
Article 18 paragraph (1) Workers have the right to obtain job competence recognition after attending job training organized by government job training institutions, private job training institutions or workplace training.
Article 82 Female workers have the right to get a break for 1.5 (one and a half) months before the time to give birth to a child and 1.5 (one and a half) months after giving birth according to the calculation of the obstetrician or midwife. Article 84 Every worker who uses the right to rest time as referred to in Article 79 paragraph (2) letters b, c and d, Article 80 and Article 82 has the right to receive full wages. Article 85 paragraph (1) Workers are not obliged to work on official holidays.

Obligations of Workers
Article 102 paragraph (2) In carrying out industrial relations, workers and trade unions have the function of carrying out work in accordance with their obligations, maintaining order for the continuity of production, channeling aspirations in a democratic manner, developing skills and expertise as well as participating in advancing companies and fighting for the welfare of members and their families.
Article 140 paragraph (1) At least 7 (seven) working days prior to the strike, workers and workers' unions are obliged to notify the employer and the agency responsible for local manpower affairs in writing.

Female workers
There is a guarantee as outlined in the 1945 Constitution Article 27 paragraph (2) which reads as follows: "Every citizen has the right to work and protection that is decent for humanity." Providing opportunities for all citizens to participate in development without discrimination, both men and women have the right to get jobs and get protection. discrimination to get a job. " The provisions of Article 5 open Law Number 13 Year 2003 concerning Manpower which states that labor is "Everyone who is capable of doing work to produce goods or services to meet the needs of himself or the community."

Family Concept
The family is the smallest unit in society which consists of husband and wife, wife and children and father and child. To create a prosperous family is not easy for every family. A family is said to be prosperous if each member of the family carries out his function as a family member.
According to Ritonga (Djamarah, 2004), That the function of the family is directly related to the following aspects: 1. Economic function, for the survival of a family, the economic role of the family is very important. This is intended so that the primary and secondary needs of the family can be fulfilled according to the family's ability.
2. The function of socialization, in a family the role of socialization is very important, because through this process each individual can learn to interact with other relatives. This includes values, norms and customs.
3. Protection function, the family as a place of refuge, creating peace and comfort for children. Reproductive function, the family is the smallest institution in society that has a reproductive function, namely to continue and continue the family's offspring.

III. RESEARCH METHODS
The research method that I use is quantitative research methods. The population in this study is the Way Jepara District that has sent 3045 workers abroad from 2013 to 2017 according to what will be studied. In determining the number of samples for this study, researchers used the Slovin formula, namely:

.
Information : n = number of samples N = total population e = the desired error tolerance, which is 10% with a confidence level of 90% Based on the results of the determination of the sample above, the sample required is 97 people.

Method of collecting data
The data processed in this research is using primary data and secondary data. Primary data and secondary data were obtained from 3 data collection techniques, namely:

Questionnaire
The questionnaire is an efficient data collection mechanism if the research knows clearly what is hinted at and how to measure the variables of interest. The questionnaire is in the form of a list of questions. The hope that is wanted through the preparation of the questionnaire is to be able to find out what variables the respondent thinks are important. The purpose of compiling the questionnaire is to correct the parts that are not appropriate to be applied in collecting data on respondents.
Respondents can easily provide answers because alternative answers have been provided, for example in the form of affixing a checklist in the column. In addition, the questionnaire also takes a short time to answer questions.

Observation
This observation technique is also carried out by researchers because this observation is useful for finding problems that may be uncomfortable to be addressed by informants directly (researchers did not find answers during direct interviews).

Literature study
This literature technique is used to obtain an overview of the process of sending female workers (TKW). Primary data and secondary data are not directly analyzed, but checked first. The goal is to test whether there is a deficiency or error.

Data analysis technique
After obtaining the required data and determining the answer score, the next step is to analyze the data using the SPSS program. Data analysis using quantitative analysis and then described qualitatively.
SPSS is an application that is used to perform advanced statistical analysis, data analysis with machine learning algorithms, string analysis, and big data analysis that can be integrated to build a data analysis platform. SPSS is short for Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. SPSS is very popular with researchers and statisticians to help perform calculations related to data analysis. SPSS provides a library for statistical calculations with an interactive interface which makes it the most popular advanced data analysis software in universities, agencies and companies.

Simple Linear Regression
Regression aims to test the effect of variable one and variable. Variables that are influenced are called dependent or dependent variables, while variables that influence are called independent variables. Simple Linear Regression is a linear regression which has one dependent variable and one independent variable. This analysis is to determine the direction of the relationship between variables.
1. The value of R which is a symbol and coefficient. In the table above the correlation value is 0.882. This value can be interpreted that the influence of the two research variables is in the very strong correlation category. Through the table above, it is also obtained the value of R Squere or the coefficient of determination (KD) which shows how good the regression is formed by the interaction of the dependent variable and variable. The KD value obtained was 77.7%. So it can be interpreted that the free variable X has a contribution effect of 77.7% to variable Y.
A positive value of 0.806 is found in the regression coefficient of the free variable delivery of TKW, which illustrates that the influence on family economic life. This will affect any increase in the sending of TKW, so it will also increase the economic life of the family.
From the results of the analysis it is known that as many as 97 respondents resulted in a correlation value of 0.882. To determine the strength of interpretation and the strength of influence between two variables, it is done by looking at the correlation coefficient using the interpretation of the r value as follows:

Interpretation
Information 0 There is no correlation between the two variables >0 -0,25 The correlation is very weak >0,25 -0,5 Sufficient Correlation >0,5 -0,75 Strong Correlation >0,75 -0,99 The correlation is very strong 1 Perfect correlation From this information, it can be concluded that the variable influence of sending female workers (TKW) on the economic life of the family in Way Jepara District, East Lampung Regency, 2014 -2017.

Hypothesis testing
From the results of the t test , the value of the t table for a significant level of 5% db = 95 (db = N -2 for N = 97) is 1.661. The results of t count were obtained using SPSS 16.0, namely 18,200.
From the calculation process above, it can be seen that if t count > t table then Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected (18,200> 1,661) then Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. So it can be concluded that "There is an influence of sending TKW to the economic life of families in Way Jepara sub-district, East Lampung regency in 2014 -2017".

Coefficient of Determination (r 2)
After the r count is known to be 0.882, then to find out how much influence the variable X has on Y by using the determination for r 2 to know the percentage. From the results of the above calculations it can be concluded that there is an effect of variable X on Y by 78% and the rest is the influence of other factors.